Xiao (肖) Surname Meaning & Origin

Xiao (肖) is a common Chinese surname. While 肖 has a literal meaning as a character, surnames don’t always reflect personal traits-the character is best read as a family label.

A Chinese surname is both a practical identifier and a cultural marker that connects a person to family history. For the surname Xiao (肖), it’s helpful to understand how Chinese surnames generally formed and why the same surname can show up with different spellings.

It’s also common to see one-character surnames like this one paired with one- or two-character given names. For English readers, the key is consistency: decide on one spelling for official documents and use it everywhere.

Across different periods, families moved for work, study, military service, and trade. These migrations spread surnames widely and also created regional pronunciation differences. Because romanization converts sound into Latin letters, the same surname can appear with multiple spellings in English.

If you’re researching this surname for a family story, combining oral history with documents (family registers, migration notes, or local gazetteers) usually gives the best results.

In Mandarin pinyin, it is written Xiao. A tone-marked form is Xiāo.

Below are example full names combining the surname 肖 with common given-name characters (one-character given names shown for simplicity):
– 肖欣 (Xiao Xīn) – joyful.
– 肖宇 (Xiao Yǔ) – universe.
– 肖伟 (Xiao Wěi) – great.
– 肖轩 (Xiao Xuān) – lofty.
– 肖浩 (Xiao Hào) – vast.
– 肖琪 (Xiao Qí) – fine jade.

Different dialects and romanization systems can produce different spellings for the same surname. Keep the Chinese character (肖) handy to avoid confusion.